
Kaichi and Mitsuke Schools
While most pre-Meiji commoner schools were held either in temples or in the homes of the teachers, most teachers and officials associated with the Meiji education reforms emphasized the importance of having schools in new buildings created specifically for the purpose of education. While this goal took around three decades to accomplish, there were some early, ambitious efforts to erect school... Read More »

"Torture by Water" in the Early Modern Dutch Empire
The Amboyna trial was a famous conspiracy case that took place in 1623 when a group of Japanese mercenaries were accused of plotting with English merchants to seize control of a Dutch fort on a remote island in Southeast Asia. Despite occurring thousands of miles away in an unfamiliar part of the world, the trial on Amboyna swiftly escalated to become one of the most famous legal cases of the... Read More »

15th Anniversary Celebration of the October Revolution
Black and white photograph of a large group of uniformed individuals standing in front of buildings at a celebration of the 15th anniversary of the October Revolution. Militarized Guard, Belomorkanal Camp.

A Hindu Princess Committing Sati against the Wishes of Emperor Akbar
This 18th century painting by Mohammad Rizā Naw'ī depicts Sati, the practice whereby a Hindi widow would commit suicide through self immolation upon the death of her husband. While Sati has been referenced repeatedly in European depictions of Hinduism, it was never very widespread. The practice was also controversial among South Asians at the time. In this painting, Prince Dāniyāl, the man on... Read More »

A Rarity in the Camp
A.A. Merekov sketch from Kolyma of a prisoner watching another play a reed pipe.

Aerial View, Maximum Security Camp Perm 36, 1980-1989
Illustration depicting an aerial view of Maximum Security Camp, Perm 36 as it existed in its final years of operation between 1980-1989.

Aerial View, Perm 36, 1946-1950
Illustration of camp at what became known as Perm 36 as it appeared from 1946-1950 showing guards on horseback marching prisoners down the road.

Aerial View, Perm 36, 1951-1954
Illustration of camp at what became known as Perm 36 as it appeared from 1951-1954 depicting prisoners lined up outside their barracks.

Aerial View, Perm 36, 1954-1972
Illustration of camp at what became known as Perm 36 as it appeared from 1954-1972.

Aerial View, Strict Regime Camp, Perm 36, 1972-1989
Illustration of Strict Regime Camp, Perm 36 as it existed in 1972-1989.